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随着自动驾驶技术的快速发展，人工驾驶与自动驾驶车辆混合运营将成为未来网约车平台的重要模式，然而现有研究在混合车队调度、多目标协同优化等方面仍然存在不足。针对混合车队环境下的订单分配与路径规划问题，构建了多目标混合整数规划模型，综合考虑平台利润最大化与乘客时间费用成本最小化目标，采用基于约束规划的双层启发式算法进行求解。通过设计11种车队比例场景，系统分析拼车与非拼车模式的效益差异。数值结果表明：拼车模式使平台利润增加，空驶率降低34.43%，总行驶里程减少48.2%。研究结果可为网约车平台优化车队结构、政府制定拼车激励政策提供参考。
Abstract：With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, mixed fleet operation of human-driven and autonomous vehicles will become the key operational model for future ride-hailing platforms. However, the research gaps remain in mixed fleet scheduling and multi-objective optimization. This study addresses the order assignment and routing problem in a mixed fleet environment by formulating a mixed-integer programming model that simultaneously considers the objectives of maximizing platform profit and minimizing passenger time-related costs. A two-level heuristic algorithm based on constraint programming is employed to solve the problem. Through 11 fleet proportion scenarios, we systematically analyze performance differences between carpooling and noncarpooling modes. Numerical experiments demonstrate carpooling increases platform profits while reducing the idle rate by 34. 43% and total travel distance by 48. 2%. The findings provide both theoretical foundations for ride-hailing platform optimization and practical insights for policymakers developing carpooling incentive schemes.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.06.14
中图分类号:U492.434
引用信息:
[1]曲子阳,赵传林,牛东宝,等.混合车队下的网约车平台订单分配与路径规划[J].北京建筑大学学报,2025,41(06):127-138.DOI:10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.06.14.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(71971014); 北京建筑大学金字塔人才培养工程项目(JDJQ20200301)