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资源化处置设施的合理选址已成为城市环境治理的重要课题之一。以北京市中心城区为例，设计并实现了集建筑垃圾产量估算、多准则适宜性评价与空间布局优化于一体的选址辅助决策模型。采用GIS-MCDA方法，构建涵盖自然、社会与经济因素的评价指标体系，并引入直觉模糊层次分析法（IFAHP）确定指标权重，结合模糊隶属函数与加权线性组合（WLC）计算适宜性指数，叠加多项约束条件以排除不合规区域。在此基础上，利用最大覆盖模型对设施布局进行优化，以提升服务覆盖效率。结果显示，适宜新建处置设施的用地集中于北京市西南部区域，丰台区F8地块被确定为最优选址。通过资源化设施增设，将服务覆盖率由57%提升至97%，并促使年运输成本与碳排放量显著降低。研究成果可为城市建筑垃圾处置设施的科学规划提供理论支持和实践依据。
Abstract：With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the rational site selection of construction waste recycling facilities has become one of the important issues in urban environmental governance. This study takes the central urban area of Beijing as a case to construct an auxiliary decision-support model for site selection, incorporating construction waste generation estimation, multi-criteria suitability evaluation, and spatial layout optimization. The GIS-MCDA method is employed to develop an evaluation index system covering natural, social, and economic factors. The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(IFAHP) is applied to calculate the index weights in a scientifically rigorous manner. Suitability indices are calculated using fuzzy membership functions and weighted linear combination(WLC), and multiple constraint conditions are applied to exclude non-compliant areas. On this basis, a maximal covering model is used to optimize facility layout and improve service coverage efficiency. The results indicate that suitable land for new facilities is mainly concentrated in the southwestern region, with the F8 site in Fengtai District identified as the optimal location. By adding a resource utilization facility, the service coverage rate increases from 57% to 97%, while annual transportation costs and carbon emissions are significantly reduced. The study provides theoretical support and practical reference for the scientific planning of urban construction waste disposal facilities.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.04.10
中图分类号:X799.1
引用信息:
[1]赵天伟,刘扬,罗金楠等.基于GIS?MCDA的建筑垃圾资源化处置设施选址研究——以北京市中心城区为例[J].北京建筑大学学报,2025,41(04):84-94.DOI:10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.04.10.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(42271478); 北京建筑大学骨干计划研究基金项目(X24027)