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为探究建筑废砖在雨水渗滤设施中对径流污染的控制效能及微生物协同作用机制，通过构建人工模拟雨水渗滤系统，对比分析了添加建筑废砖与未添加建筑废砖的系统在污染物释放与去除效果方面的差异，并结合微生物16S测序技术揭示了系统内微生物的作用机制。研究结果表明：在污染物释放方面，添加建筑废砖的系统中，COD、NH+_4-N、Zn2+和Pb2+的释放量显著低于未添加建筑废砖的系统，而TN和Cr6+的释放量则相对较高；在污染物去除效果上，不同系统对NH+_4-N和TP均展现出较好的去除效果，但TN仍处于释放过程，各系统对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+和Pb2+的去除效果较为良好，不过添加砂的系统存在大量Mn2+的释放。在长期运行过程中，所有系统的出水pH值均符合相关质量标准，其中建筑废砖对NH+_4-N、COD、TP、Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Mn2+和Pb2+的去除效果突出，均保持在65%以上。且随着运行时间的延长，其对TN的去除效果逐渐提升，但对Cr6+的去除效果相对较差。微生物16S测序结果显示，与“土+砂+砾石”结构相比，“土+细砖+粗砖”结构的不同层中含有更多的脱氮除磷菌属，这表明含有建筑废砖的系统中，微生物在氮磷去除过程中发挥的作用更为显著。
Abstract：To investigate the efficiency of construction waste in controlling runoff pollution in rainwater infiltration facilities and the synergistic mechanism of microorganisms, an artificially simulated rainwater infiltration system is constructed. It comparatively analyzed the differences in pollutant release and removal efficiency between systems with and without construction waste, and revealed the role of microorganisms in the system using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. The results showed that, in terms of pollutant release, the release amounts of COD, NH+_4-N, Zn2+, and Pb2+ in the system with construction waste were significantly lower than those in the system without construction waste, while the release amounts of TN and Cr 6 + were relatively higher. Regarding pollutant removal efficiency, all systems exhibited good removal effects on NH+_4-N and TP, but TN remained in the release process. Each system showed satisfactory removal effects on Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+; however, the system with sand had a large amount of Mn2+ release. During long-term operation, the effluent pH of all systems met the relevant quality standards. Among them, construction waste bricks showed outstanding removal effects on NH+_4-N, COD, TP, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+, all maintaining above 65%. Moreover, their removal efficiency for TN gradually improved with the extension of operation time, but the removal effect on Cr 6 + was relatively poor. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated that, compared with the “soil+sand+gravel” structure, the “soil+fine brick+coarse brick” structure contained more denitrifying and phosphorus-removing bacterial genera in different layers. This suggests that microorganisms play a more significant role in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in systems containing construction waste bricks.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.04.09
中图分类号:X52;X799.1
引用信息:
[1]郭士民,宋凯鸿,刘琉等.建筑废砖填料对径流污染的控制效能及微生物协同作用机制研究[J].北京建筑大学学报,2025,41(04):73-83.DOI:10.19740/j.2096-9872.2025.04.09.
基金信息: